{"id":13983,"date":"2022-04-12T13:02:47","date_gmt":"2022-04-12T10:02:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.izmiregelab.com\/adenosine-deaminase-ada\/"},"modified":"2026-09-02T23:28:24","modified_gmt":"2026-09-02T20:28:24","slug":"adenosine-deaminase-ada","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.izmiregelab.com\/en\/adenosine-deaminase-ada\/","title":{"rendered":"Adenosine Deaminase (ADA)"},"content":{"rendered":"<style>.elementor-13983 .elementor-element.elementor-element-19c2cd1e > .elementor-widget-container{margin:0px 0px 0px 0px;padding:0px 0px 0px 0px;}<\/style>\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"13983\" class=\"elementor elementor-13983 elementor-7495\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-2981b56c elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"2981b56c\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-510efea7\" data-id=\"510efea7\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4d4aa6a elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"4d4aa6a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">ADENOSINE DEAMINASE (ADA)<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-19c2cd1e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"19c2cd1e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<blockquote>\n<p>ADA is an enzyme that catalyzes the deamination of adenosine to inosine.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p><b>ADA<\/b> is an enzyme that catalyzes the deamination reaction of adenosine to inosine. It is also an important enzyme in the purine catabolic pathway<br\/>. ADA has two isoforms: ADA-1 and ADA-2.<br\/>ADA-1 is found in many tissues, including red blood cells. ADA-2 is found exclusively<br\/>in macrophages and monocytes 1,2.   <\/p>\n<p><b>ADA activity<\/b> is 10 times higher in lymphocytes than in erythrocytes. T-<br\/>s are present in higher concentrations in T lymphocytes than in B lymphocytes, and there is also a marked increase during T-cell differentiation<br\/>, particularly during the immature and undifferentiated stages. Consequently,<br\/>many researchers have demonstrated that ADA is a marker of cellular immunity and, as a result, have shown elevated serum levels in various<br\/>diseases. Elevated serum ADA activity has been observed in many diseases where cellular<br\/>immunity is activated. These diseases include typhoid fever, infectious mononucleosis,<br\/>sarcoidosis, liver diseases, acute leukemia, brucellosis, acute pneumonia, rheumatoid arthritis, and various<br\/>malignancies 3. With regard to the liver, elevated serum ADA levels have been observed in patients with acute hepatitis, alcoholic hepatic<br\/>fibrosis, chronic active hepatitis, liver cirrhosis, viral hepatitis, and hepatoma 4,5.<br\/>ADA plays a role in the proliferation and differentiation of lymphocytes, particularly T lymphocytes. It also influences the maturation of monocytes<br\/>by converting them into macrophages. ADA is an important marker of active cellular<br\/>immunity. It increases in biological fluids during infectious diseases<br\/>characterized by microorganisms that infect macrophages. For example, ADA deficiency in humans primarily manifests as severe<br\/>lymphopenia and immunodeficiency 6. Furthermore, it has been proposed<br\/>that ADA is a useful surrogate marker for TB because it can be detected in body fluids such as pleural, pericardial, and peritoneal fluid<br\/>. ADA levels rise in TB<br\/>due to the stimulation of T cells by mycobacterial antigens 2.           <\/p>\n<p>Total ADA and ADA-2 activities have been found to correlate with each other<br\/>in both healthy individuals and those with immune-mediated diseases (RA,<br\/>SLE, ankylosing spondylitis, myasthenia gravis, and autoimmune liver diseases). Values were found to be significantly elevated in patients.<br\/>Additionally, activity levels were measured to be significantly higher<br\/>in children under 18 and in individuals over 60 years of age. <\/p>\n<p>ADA is a candidate for a key biomarker of Macrophage Activation Syndrome (MAS) 7.<br\/>Considering the points mentioned, we believe that the clinical<br\/>utility of ADA\u2014a key enzyme in purine metabolism\u2014should be greater than it is now.<\/p>\n<p><b>REFERENCES<\/b>:<br\/>1. Kaya S, Cetin ES, Aridogan BC et al. Adenosine deaminase activity in the serum of patients with<br\/>hepatitis\u2014a useful tool in monitoring clinical status. J Microbiol Immunol Infect 2007; 40: 288-92.<br\/>2. Gakis C. Adenosine deaminase (ADA) isoenzymes ADA1 and ADA2: diagnostic and biological role.<br\/>Eur Respir J 1996; 9: 632-3.<br\/>3. Baganha, M.F., Pego, A., Lima, M.A., Gaspar, E.U., Pharma, B.: Serum and Pleural Adenosine-<br\/>-Deaminase Correlation with Lymphocytic Populations. Chest, 97(3): 605-610, 1990.  <\/p>\n<p>4. Kobayashi F, Ikeda T, Marumo F, Sato C: Adenosine deaminase isoenzymes in liver disease. Am. J.<br\/>Gastroenterol. 88: 266-271 (1993)<br\/>5. Kallkan A., Bult V., Erel O., Avci S., and Bingol N. K.: Adenosine deaminase and guanosine-<br\/>e deaminase activities in the serum of patients with viral hepatitis. Mem Inst. Oswaldo Cruz 94(3): 383\u2013386<br\/>(1999)<br\/>6. Cimen F, Ciftci TU, Berktas BM et al. The relationship between serum adenosine deaminase levels<br\/>s in pulmonary tuberculosis, along with drug resistance and the category of tuberculosis. Turkish Respir J<br\/>2008; 9: 20-3.<br\/>7. Zhao-Wei Gao, Xi Wang, Fang Lin, Ke Dong. Total adenosine deaminase is highly correlated with<br\/>adenosine deaminase 2 activity in serum.        http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1136\/annrheumdis-2020-217007<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>ADENOSINE DEAMINASE (ADA) ADA is an enzyme that catalyzes the deamination of adenosine to inosine.&nbsp; ADA is an enzyme that catalyzes the deamination reaction of adenosine to inosine. It is also an important enzyme in the purine catabolic pathway. ADA has two isoforms: ADA-1 and ADA-2.ADA-1 is found in many tissues, including red blood cells&#8230;.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":13986,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[125],"tags":[127],"class_list":["post-13983","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog","tag-nutrition"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.izmiregelab.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13983","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.izmiregelab.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.izmiregelab.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.izmiregelab.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.izmiregelab.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=13983"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.izmiregelab.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13983\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":13987,"href":"https:\/\/www.izmiregelab.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13983\/revisions\/13987"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.izmiregelab.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/13986"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.izmiregelab.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13983"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.izmiregelab.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=13983"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.izmiregelab.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=13983"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}